Phenergan

Description

Phenergan 125 ml Syrup

Indications
Promethazine Hydrochloride is indicated in-
Potent long-acting antihistamine with additional anti-emetic and sedative/calming effects.
Indicated in symptomatic treatment of allergic conditions of the respiratory tract and skin.
Sensitization reactions to drug or foreign proteins, anaphylactic reactions.
For sedation, allergic rhinitis, urticaria and insomnia.
As an adjunct in pre-operative sedation in surgery and obstetrics.
As a paediatric sedative

Pharmacology
Promethazine is a phenothiazine derivative which blocks postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain. It exhibits strong α-adrenergic blocking effect and depresses the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. It competes with histamine for the H1-receptor; muscarinic blocking effect may be responsible for antiemetic activity. It also reduces stimuli to the brainstem reticular system.

Promethazine is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Clinical effects are apparent within 20 minutes after oral administration and generally last four to six hours, although they may persist as long as 12 hours. Promethazine is metabolized by the liver to a variety of compounds; the sulfoxides of promethazine and N-demethylpromethazine are the predominant metabolites appearing in the urine.

Dosage & Administration
Oral dose-

Adults: Initial dose one 25 mg tablet at night; may be increased to two or three 25 mg tablets at night if necessary. In allergic conditions more frequently administration, twice or three times daily, may be necessary, starting with one or two 10 mg tablets and increasing as required.

Elderly: No specific dosage recommendations.

Children: They may be treated more conveniently by the elixir containing 5 mg/5 ml.

As an antihistamine in allergy:
Children of 2-5 years: 5-15 mg
Children of 5-10 years: 10-25 mg
In the case where two doses in 24 hours are required, the lower dose stated should be given.
As a sedative:
Children of 2-5 years: 15-20 mg
Children of 5-10 years: 20-25 mg
Given as a single night-time dose
Parenteral dose-
Adult: 25-50 mg by deep intramuscular injection or, in emergency, by slow intravenous injection after dilution of the 2.5% solution to 10 times its volume with water for injection. The maximum parenteral dose is 100 mg.
Children: 5-10 years: 6.25 to 12.5 mg by deep I.M. Injection