Kacin 500

Description

Kacin 500 mg IM/IV Injection

Indications
Amikacin is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria. Amikacin is effective in bacterial septicemia (including neonatal sepsis); in serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones and joints, central nervous system (including meningitis) and skin and soft tissue; intra-abdominal infections (including peritonitis); and in burns and postoperative infections (including postvascular surgery). Clinical studies have shown Amikacin also to be effective in serious complicated and recurrent urinary tract infections due to those organisms.

Amikacin was effective in infections caused by gentamicin and/or tobramycin-resistant strains of Gram-negative organisms, particularly Proteus rettgeri, Providencia stuartii, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Amikacin has also been shown to be effective in staphylococci infections and may be considered as initial therapy under certain conditions in the treatment of known or suspected staphylococcal disease such as, severe infections where the causative organism may be either a Gram-negative bacterium or a staphylococcus.

Pharmacology
Amikacin Sulfate is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic. Amikacin is active in vitro against pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, Proteus species, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter species, Acinetobacter species, and Citrobacter freundii. When strains of the above organisms are found to be resistant to other aminoglycosides, including Gentamicin, TobrAmykin and KanAmykin, many are susceptible to Amikacin. Amikacin sulfate is active in vitro against penicillinase and nonpenicillinase-producing Staphylococcus species including methicillin-resistant strains.

Dosage
Adults and children: 15 mg/kg/day in two equally-divided doses (equivalent to 500 mg bid in adults). Use of the 100 mg is recommended for children for the accurate measurement of the appropriate dose.

Neonates and premature children: An initial loading dose of 10 mg/kg followed by 15 mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses.

Elderly: Amikacin is excreted by the renal route. Renal function should be assessed whenever possible and dosage adjusted as described under impaired renal function.

Life-threatening infections and/or those caused by Pseudomonas: The adult dose may be increased to 500 mg every eight hours but should neither exceed 1.5g/day nor be administered for a period longer than 10 days. A maximum total adult dose of 15g should not be exceeded.

Urinary tract infections (other than pseudomonal infections): 7.5mg/kg/day in two equally divided doses (equivalent to 250 mg b.i.d. in adults).

Impaired renal function: In patients with impaired renal function, the daily dose should be reduced and/or the intervals between doses increased to avoid accumulation of the drug.